Why did my 2018 stop recognizing my iPhone yesterday?

Yesterday morning when I left for work I plugged my phone in like I always do, and the audio menu on the display listed it as “iPod” instead of “[my]phone.”
And the it doesn’t even work when I select “ipod.” It says the device failed to register.
Was there a change to the entune system, or did the latest iPhone update break something, or is my usb cord hosed?

 

I doubt it's your cable since it still recognized your phone as an ipod. Possibly caused because Entune is being phased out for the Toyota app (newer models already have this).
Try to do an Entune update, If that doesn't help, then I'd completely remove my phone and reconnect it to see if that works.
You're eventually going to have to use the Toyota app anyway.

 

My phone told me I have to download the new Toyota app two days ago, and I ignored it like anyone who is 3 minutes late leaving for work would do. I installed the new Toyota app yesterday after work, but still had to use Bluetooth audio on my drive home.